DNA ALIGNMENT USING SMITH WATERMAN ALGORITHM

Technology Used:

.NET Platform:NET, is a platform, its sort of a runtime environment on which applications coded in any of the managed languages run. The .NET runtime environment    acts as software layer between the applications written on the .NET and the operating system (or hardware). This is what actually gives programs written on .NET, Java like functionality of write once and execute anywhere subject to the fact that you have the .NET runtime system installed for your platform and CPU

C#:
C# is the new modern language for developing applications for Microsoft's .NET platform. The .NET platform is designed to be language neutral, indeed, all .NET code is run under the Common Language Runtime (CLR). C# is just one of the languages that can be used to write classes for the CLR, but so far it is the only language that was written from the outset with .NET in mind. This makes C# as the language of choice for .NET development

Web Service
Web Services are a very general model for building applications and can be implemented for any operation system that supports communication over the Internet. Web Services use the best of component-based development and the Web. Component-base object models like Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM), Remote Method Invocation (RMI), and Internet Inter-Orb Protocol (IIOP) have been around for some time
 
 

Smith Waterman Alignment:

For comparisons between closely related members of protein families, and highly conserved gene families, it is an especially useful tool. Its power lies in its ability to detect overlying similarities.The algorithm is designed to have a larger more global scope.

    Steps involved in Alignmnet:
        1:Taking the Two input Strings
        2:Calculating the Dyanmic Matrix
        3:Trace Back through the Matrix to achieve the Best Alignment

 The formulae used for geneartion of Dyanmic Matrix:
       1:H [i,j]=Max(Diagonal,Vertical,horizontal,0)
      2:Diagonal=H[i-1,j-1]+Match/Mismatch(A[i],B[j])
      3:Vertical=Max Value of Vertical Gap Cell-(gap penalty-(gap extension penalty*distance))
      4:Horizontal= Max Value of Horizontal Gap Cell-(gap penalty-(gap extension penalty*distance))

     Where :
     Match/Mismatch ,  Gap Penalty ,Gap Extension penalty has to be enetered by the user
 

Implementation Model:

The Project has three main pages:
        1: Login Page
        2: DNA Alignment Page
        3: Interactive Learning Page

Client Side:This is the user interface side.The first page that appears when we load the website is a User Login Page , the user has to enter his login name and password to access     the  features of the Web Site.If the user enter his login name and password combination wrong for more than three times the Session with the Server is broken.He has to restart the Browser to initiate the session between the Client and the Web Server.Once the user logs in he comes across the page where he has to enter two DNA string Then when he hits the Alignment Button he comes up with Dynamic Matrix and the aligned string.If the user leaves the Text box empty and tries to hit the
We have a link to interactive learning there.Upon clicking that link he is directed to the page where he has to enter DNA strings and upon hitting the button we display how  the values is being obtained(Diagonaly,Horizontal,Vertical) and finally the Grid is displayed with the Trace Back Path.

Web Server: At web server we have the program running that is responsible to calculate the Dyanmic Matrix and the Text Alignment. At the first page where upon entering the DNA we get the o/p at once , we send the DNA string to the Web Server.The program take the Input.Returns us the DataSet having two data tables .In one data table we have the Values for  the  Dynamic Matrix and the Second table consist of the Aligned text with  their locations in the Matrix. Finally the Data tables are binded to the Data Grid and then as per the Locatins returned we highlight the String.
At the Interactive Learning section every time the Input is send at the Server side and every time the Data Set is being returned. We only highlights the value that we are interested in , and at last we display the whole Dynamic Matrix with the Aligned Text.
 
 
 

Snapshots:


Login Page: This is the first page that comes when user loads the URL. Here he is asked for his User Id and Password, A correct combination takes him to DNA ALIGNMENT PAGE

 

After the User has entered the right combination of User Id and Password ,at the Next Page he is asked to input  DNA Strings , Gap Penalty , Gap Extension , Match and Mismatch Values

DNA Alignmnent Page:

On Entering the Required Values and Upon Hitting Align Button  the User is displayes DYNAMIC MATRIX , TRACE BACK PATH and Aligned Strings.

We have a link to interactive learning page . At clicking this link he has to enter required parameters again.Here at every click of ALign button the DYNAMIC MATRIX is loaded and displayes with the Info about how we have acheieved that Value.After the whole Dynamic Matrix has been initialized at the last click the trace back and aligned strings are displayed.